Match the words in the first column to the best available
answer in the second column.
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_____ Pareto Analysis 1) A useful
tool to visualize clarify link identify and classify possible causes of a
problem. This technique is sometimes referred to as a fishbone diagram or a
Ishikawa diagram. The champion of this diagram was the late Kaoru Ishikawa a
quality expert from Japan.
_____ Cause-and-Effect Diagram 2) A form used
to gather and record data in an organized manner to help determine the
occurrence of an event/cause. Often referred to as a checklist or tally
sheet of events.
_____ Check Sheet 3) A technique used to
analyze/divide a universe of data into homogeneous groups. Often data collected
about a problem/event represents multiple sources that need to be treated
separately.
_____ Control Charts 4) Shows the relationship that might
exist between two variables/factors. It can test for possible cause-and-effect
relationships. This technique is used for problem solving and understanding of
cause and effect. Often referred to as correlation diagrams.
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_____ Run
Chart 5) A statistical technique to used assess monitor and maintain the
stability of a process. The objective is to monitor a continuous repeatable
process and the process variation from specifications/limits. Two types of
variation are being observed 1) common or random and 2) special or assignable
cause.
_____ Histograms 6) A frequency distribution chart is a bar graph
of measured values (data sets) utilized to display the frequency of occurrences
of the measure data. This technique provides a way to measure and analyze data
collected about a process or problem.
_____ Scatter Diagram/Plot 7) In
problem-solving especially problem identification this quality tool should be a
common place to seek out the vital few causes/characteristics known to
contribute to most any problem. This practice is essential for identifying major
problems with any operation process(es). All levels of management and teams need
to practice and master this technique/tool. Sometimes referred to as 20/80
Rule or Vital Few. [5-43]
_____ Stratification 
A graph of data (observation) in
chronological (time) order displaying shifts/trends in the central tendency
(average).
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